Background
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a set of more than 30 conditions that can cause debilitating pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint, chewing muscles, and surrounding tissues. They affect 5%–10% of the U.S. population and are twice as common in women than in men. TMDs are driven by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and environmental factors, but significant gaps remain in scientists’ understanding of the underlying mechanisms.