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Opioids are a type of medication used to relieve pain. They require a prescription from your dentist or doctor, and include drugs such as hydrocodone, oxycodone, morphine, and codeine. Opioids also include illegal drugs such as heroin.

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The NIDCR research training and career development programs span the career stages of scientists. Training support is provided for basic, clinical, behavioral, and other research related to the NIDCR mission. NIDCR supports both individual and institutional research training and career development awards.

I. Roles and Responsibilities

The Independent Safety Monitor (ISM) is a physician with relevant expertise whose primary responsibility is to provide independent safety monitoring in a timely fashion. This is accomplished by review of adverse events, immediately after they occur or are reported, with follow-up through resolution. The ISM evaluates individual and cumulative participant data when making recommendations regarding the safe continuation of the study.