Overall, the prevalence of both partial and total tooth loss in seniors has decreased from the early 1970s through the latest cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2016). In spite of this improvement, significant disparities remain in some population groups.
Tables 1 and 2 present information about tooth loss for seniors aged 65 years and older and for selected population groups.
Number of Teeth Remaining (Table 1)
- Seniors 65 years and older have an average of 20.7 remaining teeth.
- Older seniors, Black and Hispanic seniors, current smokers, and those with lower incomes and less education have fewer remaining teeth.
Percentage of Seniors with Total Tooth Loss (Table 2)
- 17.3% of seniors 65 years and older have no remaining teeth.
- Older seniors, women, Black seniors, current smokers, and those with lower incomes and less education are more likely to have no remaining teeth.
Table 1: Seniors, Mean Number of Permanent Teeth Remaining
| Characteristic | Mean Number of Permanent Teeth, 1999–2004 | Mean Number of Permanent Teeth, 2011–2016 |
|---|---|---|
| 65–74 years | 19.3 | 21.7 |
| 75 years or more | 18.4 | 19.5 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 19.0 | 20.8 |
| Female | 18.8 | 20.6 |
| Race and Ethnicity | ||
| White, non-Hispanic | 19.4 | 21.6 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 15.1 | 16.0 |
| Mexican American | 18.0 | 17.9 |
| Poverty Status (Income compared to Federal Poverty Level) | ||
| Less than 100% | 15.6 | 16.0 |
| 100% to 199% | 17.0 | 18.3 |
| Greater than 200% | 20.1 | 22.2 |
| Education | ||
| Less than High School | 15.9 | 16.9 |
| High School | 18.1 | 19.2 |
| More than High School | 21.0 | 22.1 |
| Smoking History | ||
| Current Smoker | 15.3 | 15.8 |
| Former Smoker | 18.1 | 20.2 |
| Never Smoked | 19.9 | 21.6 |
| Overall | 18.9 | 20.7 |
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Oral Health Surveillance Report: Trends in Dental Caries and Sealants, Tooth Retention, and Edentulism, United States, 1999–2004 to 2011–2016. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services; 2019.
Table 2: Seniors, Percent with No Remaining Teeth
| Characteristic | Percentage with no Remaining Teeth 1999–2004 | Percentage with no Remaining Teeth 2011–2016 |
|---|---|---|
| Age | ||
| 65–74 years | 24.0 | 13.0 |
| 75 years or more | 31.2 | 22.5 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 24.5 | 17.7 |
| Female | 29.2 | 16.9 |
| Race and Ethnicity | ||
| White, non-Hispanic | 25.9 | 15.2 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 33.7 | 30.7 |
| Mexican American | 24.4 | 16.7 |
| Poverty Status (Income compared to Federal Poverty Level) | ||
| Less than 100% | 43.8 | 34.1 |
| 100% to 199% | 36.1 | 26.1 |
| Greater than 200% | 17.3 | 10.7 |
| Education | ||
| Less than High School | 43.0 | 34.8 |
| High School | 28.3 | 21.3 |
| More than High School | 13.6 | 9.3 |
| Smoking History | ||
| Current Smoker | 49.7 | 42.8 |
| Former Smoker | 28.8 | 18.5 |
| Never Smoked | 21.5 | 12.1 |
| Overall | 27.2 | 17.3 |
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Oral Health Surveillance Report: Trends in Dental Caries and Sealants, Tooth Retention, and Edentulism, United States, 1999–2004 to 2011–2016. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services; 2019.